Wednesday 19 September 2012
ELECTRIC CHARGE
• Of almost more than 100 fundamental particles of matter, three most important are electron,
proton and neutron. Their masses are m e = 9.1 × 10
respectively.
• Gravitational force of attraction between two electrons 1 cm apart is 5.5 × 10
electrical force of repulsion due to electric charge on them is 2.3 × 10
stronger.
• Electric charge can be positive or negative. Traditionally, charge of proton is considered
positive and that of electron negative although reverse sign convention would have made
no difference.
• Like charges repel each other and unlike charges attract. Electroscope is used to detect
charges.
• Electrons revolving around the nucleus are weakly bound as compared to the force with
which protons are bound inside the nucleus. Hence, during exchange of electrons between
two bodies, electrons get transferred from one body to the other.
• SΙ unit of charge is coulomb denoted by C. It is the charge passing in 1 second through
Ι
any cross-section of a conductor carrying 1 ampere current. Magnitude of charge on an
electron or a proton is 1.6 × 10
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